P3 GBM cells treated with BTZ or BTZ + TMZ had 30%–40% attenuated total and phosphorylated ULK1 expression (Figure 4A), which was not restored in the presence of CQ, and as reflected in 60%–70% reduction in mRNA levels compared to control and TMZ treated cells (p < .0001, respectively, Figure 4B). The gene discussed is ULK1; the disease is glioblastoma.