Regarding its hypoglycemic mechanism, BFTL might induce pathological changes of the liver, kidneys, and pancreas in T2DM rats by improving their glucose and lipid metabolism, reducing oxidative stress, and improving the antioxidant capacity of the body, thus reversing INS-producing β-cell dysfunction and promoting INS secretion (Figure 10). This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus.