A Danish cohort study of 35,908 IBD patients recorded in the national patient Registry between 1997 and 2015 found that UC patients who received any medical treatment (including anti-TNF) had a higher risk of CRC than UC patients who did not receive medical treatment (HR, 1.35; 95%CI, 1.01–1.81), but this was not observed in patients with CD (Weimers et al., 2021). Here, TNF is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.