Data are expressed as Mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). A comparison among groups was performed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test. ##P < 0.01 vs. the sham group. ###P < 0.001 vs. the sham group. **P < 0.01 vs. the varicocele group. ***P < 0.001 vs. the varicocele group. NaHS: Sodium hydrosulfide, MDA: Malondialdehyde, SOD: Superoxide dismutase. Here, SOD1 is linked to varicocele.