In addition to FGF and VEGF, the other two factors angiopoietin 1 (Ang1) and Sphingosine-1 (S1P), which upregulate the expression and extravasation of eGCX components (mainly the core protein syndecan) via PI3K and Tie2 signals respectively, are also elevated during liver fibrosis (161, 162). Here, ANGPT1 is linked to Hepatic fibrosis.