Studies have demonstrated that several genes involved in cholesterol production are overactive in malignant tissue, such as squalene monooxygenase and the cholesterol biosynthesis rate-limiting enzyme 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase (HMGCR), which is upregulated within several types of malignancies, comprising glioma and prostate cancer (14, 15). The gene discussed is HMGCR; the disease is Familial prostate cancer.