With regard to Lm infection, Th17 cells are not the main population involved in combating the infection, but it might be conceivable that other IL-10 producing cells are directly affected by IκBNS. To experimentally address whether serum IL-10 would affect the outcome of infection, we administered recombinant IL-10 into Lm-infected IκBNS-deficient mice (200 ng IL-10 i.v. one day prior Lm infection and on each consecutive day until day 5 post infection). The gene discussed is IL10; the disease is infection.