PNPLA3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: In these univariate analyses, a high intake of sodium exhibited a significant protective effect against NAFLD in the PNPLA3 risk group (p < 0.0001) (Supplementary Table S4), while no such effect was observed in the PNPLA3 non-risk group (p = 0.851) (Supplementary Table S5).