PNPLA3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: In the PNPLA3 non-risk allele group (rs738409, CC), white rice, baechu kimchi, green pepper, orange, strawberry, pear, coffee, sugar (for tea/coffee), and cream (for tea/coffee) were protective (all p < 0.05), whereas multigrain rice, yogurt, green tea, and fried food increased the NAFLD risk (all p < 0.05).