IGFBP1 and gestational diabetes: In conclusion, although the placental IGF-1 level does not change significantly in GDM compared with that of normal pregnant women, IGFBP1 and IGFBP2 in GDM decreases and IGF1R increases, which improves the utilization efficiency of IGF-1 and leads to the overactivation of mTORC1 and the increase of glucose transport to the fetus.