Likewise, the high abundance of polyphenols, flavonoids, polysaccharides, and proteins have been shown to be responsible for buckwheat’s cytotoxic activity against cancer cells wherein they induce cell apoptosis, increase expression of apoptotic proteins such as caspase-8, promote cell cycle arrest, and increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) [5,39,40,60]. The gene discussed is CASP8; the disease is cancer.