Likewise, while some studies have documented an association between lignans intake and reduced prostate cancer risk, i.e. due to the EL capability to induce apoptosis in human prostate carcinoma LNCaP cells by inhibiting Akt signaling pathway [71,72,73], others reported no significant associations between the incidence of prostate cancer and plasma EL levels [74,75]. The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is Familial prostate cancer.