The injurious factors associated with OSA (repetitive hypoxia, sympathetic nervous system activation, hypertension, obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia) induce the release of primary proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha), and this stimulates the production of adhesion molecules, procoagulants, and other mediators by endothelial and other cells. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.