MTOR and AIDS: In addition to metabolic benefits, metformin may have benefits on the HIV reservoir in long-lived CD4+ T cells with an increased risk of inflammation-associated complications and non-AIDS no-morbidities, since metformin modulates T-cell activation by regulating intracellular immunometabolic checkpoints such as the AMPK and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), in association with microbiota modification [43].