While intraperitoneal injection of Forskolin is able to reverse PD pathology in PINK1-KO rats [46,82], CNS/CT-001 is a formulation that was developed to enhance both neuroprotective PKA and neurotrophic support in the brain via intranasal delivery with the goal of offering a safe, non-invasive therapeutic alternative that can achieve high compliance in PD patients. The gene discussed is PINK1; the disease is Parkinson disease.