A recent study based on metagenomic sequencing data from 182 lean and abdominally obese individuals with and without newly diagnosed T2D, showed a depletion of A. muciniphila abundance in the gut microbiota of lean participants with T2D, associate with a reduction in secretion of insulin and expression of fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), a protein that functions as a hormone regulating bile acid synthesis and glucose and lipid metabolism [181]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.