HMOX1 and cancer: Interestingly, in breast cancer cells, mutp53 interacts at the protein level with NRF2, tuning its activity to selectively transcribe genes that sustain cancer cell survival under oxidative stress, such as thioredoxin (TXN) and proteasome system (PSM), and repressing others such as heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) [79].