CISH and acute lymphoblastic leukemia: We observed that high concentration of TSLP (15,000 pg/mL) upregulated the SOCS genes CISH, SOCS1, SOCS2, and SOCS 3 with a 9.1-, 4.2-, 6,2-, and 52.5-fold change, respectively, compared to no-TSLP-treatment controls (Figure 8A), as well as SOCS1 and SOCS3 protein expression in primary CRLF2 B-ALL cells ex vivo (Figure 8B,C) and in CRLF2 B-ALL cell lines (Mutz-5 and Call-4) in vitro (Figure 8D,E).