Upon treatment with high doses of TSLP (>200 pg/mL) we observed (1) a significant decrease in leukemia burden in Mutz-5-luc mice, (2) a significant increase in the survival of mice transplanted with primary leukemia cells from patient-1, and (3) a significant decrease in engraftment in the bone marrow of mice transplanted with primary leukemia cells from patient-1 and patient-2. The gene discussed is TSLP; the disease is leukemia.