TGFB1 and neoplasm: Exosomes derived from AFP-expressing DCs (DEXAFP) elicited robust antigen-specific immune responses by enhancing IFN-γ and IL-2 production as well as lowering Tregs, IL-10, and TGF-β secretion in tumor region [107], resulting in the inhibition of tumor growth and protracted survival rates in mice with ectopic, orthotopic, and carcinogen-induced HCC, indicating DCs as a potential candidate for further therapeutic intervention [108].