To investigate whether the effects of PGZ are exerted through the PPAR-γ pathway, we performed immunofluorescence staining and found that PPAR-γ expression was barely detected in the retina of diabetic mice without AION and in the retina of AION eyes in diabetic mice without the treatment of PGZ (DMSO only). This evidence concerns the gene PPARG and anterior ischemic optic neuropathy.