A recent study in patients diagnosed with ARDS showed that serum autotaxin (ATX) levels correlated with the severity of lung injury, while the concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was positively associated with fibrotic mediators such as matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7), fibronectin, oncostatin M (OSM) and secreted protein acidic and in cysteine (SPARC), suggesting that ATX may be related to the development of pulmonary fibrosis in patients with ARDS [104]. This evidence concerns the gene OSM and pulmonary fibrosis.