The upregulation of NF-κB, p38, ERK1/2, SAPK/JNK and the upregulation of p38, p-erk1/2 in human hepatocellular carcinoma can cause human breast cancer, prostate cancer, colon tumor, oral, esophageal tumor, and squamous carcinoma. This evidence concerns the gene MAPK3 and squamous cell carcinoma.