BRCA1 and neoplasm: In sporadic cancer, BRCA1 is inactivated by other mechanisms, such as the aberrant methylation of cytosine residues in CpG dinucleotides, low expressions of protein and mRNA, loss of heterozygosity, etc. The BRCAness phenotype is associated with the most aggressive clinical and pathological features of tumors: large tumor size (>2 cm, at p = 0.009), the presence of lymphogenous metastasis (p = 0.008), stage 3 of the disease (p = 0.001), and high levels of Ki-67 (p = 0.001) [9].