TNF and atopic eczema: One study, using a mice model with atopic dermatitis induced by oxazolone, shows that the treatment with HP-NAP via intraperitoneal injection alleviated the symptoms of atopic dermatitis by reducing the infiltration of lymphocytes and mast cells, the secretion of IgE and IL4, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-5, IL-6, and TNF-α, in ear tissues of the animals [71].