To further understand the details of the stem gene expression, we measured the gene expressions of signature stem and self-renewal genes (including OCT4, NANOG, C-Myc, CD133, Lgr5, TGF-β1, and SHP2) of colon cancer in the treated cells with the optimised conditions (Figure 4B). This evidence concerns the gene POU5F1 and malignant colon neoplasm.