AFP and neoplasm: Most of the previous studies identify the presence of vascular invasion (both macro-vascular and micro-vascular), satellite nodules, large tumor size, high AFP level and its progression [13,14], multiple tumors, poor cell differentiation, advanced pathological tumor-node-metastasis (pTNM) stage [15,16,17] and some histological subtypes, such as macrotrabecular-massive HCC [18,19], as the main risk factors of recurrence.