Historically, patients who developed AML preceded by a history of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or with cytogenetic aberrations associated with MDS (-7/7q-, complex, etc.)were designated as AML with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC) rather than AML with NPM1 mutation even if the mutation was detected [7]. This evidence concerns the gene NPM1 and acute myeloid leukemia.