Many studies have shown that CXC chemokines attract neutrophils to tumor tissues, promote neovascularization, enhance the expression of pro-metastatic genes (e.g., SPARC, CXCR4, PTGS2/COX2, ANGPT, ALDH, EREG, and EFEMP) [69], and thereby produce a pro-metastatic microenvironment [106]. Here, CXCR4 is linked to neoplasm.