CEACAM1 and neoplasm: TIM-3 inhibits cytotoxic T cell activity upon binding to ligands including phosphatidylserine, CEACAM-1, galactin-9, thereby suppressing anti-tumor immunity and promoting tumor escape, and these ligands are members of the h-galactoside-binding protein family that are overexpressed by TNBC cells [94,95,96,97].