DLD and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: To generate a prognostic model to predict ccRCC overall survival, we first applied a univariate Cox regression analysis towards 10 cuproptosis regulators in TCGA-KIRC ccRCC patients and found that seven members (FDX1, LIAS, DLD, DLAT, PDHB, MTF1, and CDKN2A) were significantly correlated with the overall survival of ccRCC patients (Figure S2A), which were then subjected to multivariate Cox regression analysis (Figure 3A).