Astragalus polysaccharides have a protective effect on hypoxia-induced PAH in mice by reducing the protein levels of TGF-β1, α-SMA, VEGF and HIF-1α, reducing the collagen fiber deposition area of pulmonary artery and inhibiting pulmonary artery remodeling [58]. This evidence concerns the gene ACTA1 and pulmonary arterial hypertension.