Due to the fact that the cytokine cascade from the innate immune system and the activated adaptive immune system (including CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes) are critical for the development of SIRS in acute pancreatitis, the role of T lymphocytes and inflammatory cytokines in abdominal compartment syndrome in severe acute pancreatitis were investigated [86,87]. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and acute pancreatitis.