Downregulation of p65 can increase tumor apoptosis and potentiates the effects of 5-fluorouracil by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway [46].Two NF-κB inhibitors (Bay11-7082 and sulfasalazine) were found to be potentially helpful in the treatment of ESCC [47]. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.