CASC9 and urinary bladder cancer: In addition, Zhang et al. [66] revealed that upregulated CASC9 in bladder cancer cell lines and specimens promoted the proliferation, EMT, migration and invasion of bladder cancer through upregulating expression of transforming growth factor β2 (TGFβ2), an inducer for EMT [67], by “sponging” and decreasing the expression level of miR-758–3p.