We show that on esi-SCARB1 pretreated cells 72 h infection with E.coli at 1:500 MOI for 6 h could evoke an appropriate inflammatory response for a significant increase in SCARB1 and TLR4 mRNA levels and in activating the downstream factors NF-κB, MAPK1, IRF3 and proinflammatory cytokines and type I interferon. The gene discussed is IRF3; the disease is infection.