IFNB1 and infection: Not only was IFN-β transcription significantly increased in response to infection with rTCRV-NP(E388A) at 4 hpi, 8 hpi and 24 hpi compared to rTCRV-WT, but at early time points (i.e. 4 hpi and 8 hpi) it was also significantly increased compared to the substrate RNA-binding mutant rTCRV-NP(H426A).