This may promote hyperplasia and/or hypertrophy of the pulmonary vasculature in humans as MEK phosphorylation has been associated with de-differentiation, nuclear activation and proliferation of pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells in pulmonary hypertension (Xing et al., 2019; Suzuki et al., 2021). The gene discussed is MAP2K7; the disease is pulmonary arterial hypertension.