The administration of SCFAs or GPR41 agonists can both hamper the development of DKD by inhibiting the expansion of the high-glucose-induced mesangial cell line, the generation of ROS, and suppression of the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as monocyte-chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and IL-1β (67). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and diabetic kidney disease.