PD-1 is a common immunosuppressive factor on the surface of T cells, PD-L1 is overexpressed on the surface of malignant tumor cells and binds to PD-1 to inhibit T cell proliferation and activation, making T cells inactivated and eventually inducing immune escape, resulting in treatment failure (5).PD-1/PD-L1-based pathways play an important role in cancer immunotherapy, and their inhibitors have made breakthroughs in treatment, bringing hope to HCC patients (6–8). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and hepatocellular carcinoma.