LIF and colorectal carcinoma: The protumorigenic function of CAFs in CRC can be mainly exerted via secreted effectors such as growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, or exosomes, including the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-11, Wnt, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), IL-17A, Netrin-1, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), secreted glycoprotein stanniocalcin-1 (STC1), fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1), stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) [9–15].