Based on 102 patients with available pathological diagnosis (56 IPMNs, 10 MCNs, 3 serous cystadenomas [SCAs], 9 cystic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors [cPanNETs], and 24 non-neoplastic cysts), NGS detection of KRAS and/or GNAS mutations had an 89% sensitivity and 100% specificity for IPMNs and MCNs. This evidence concerns the gene KRAS and serous cystadenoma.