ZBP1 and viral infectious disease: Z-DNA-binding protein 1 (ZBP1) is a RBP capable of sensing both DNA and RNA viruses and mediating antiviral effects via inducing inflammatory cell death involving pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis (PANoptosis).52,53 Importantly, ZBP1 can be activated by endogenous nuclear acids in the absence of viral infection.