Mechanistically, this decrease in SASP-related and ISGs may be due to decreases in IFNs themselves, since mRNA levels of IFN-α and IFN-β, which are upstream of JAK/STAT1/2-ISGs signaling, were downregulated in IR-ICD expressing cells by 70-90% as assessed by qPCR (Fig. 5f). Here, IFNA1 is linked to impulse control disorder.