HOTAIR and lung carcinoma: The expression of HOTAIR is abnormally elevated in breast cancer, lung cancer, and colorectal cancer.[53] The 5' and 3' domains of HOTAIR are bound to the LSD1/CoREST/REST complex and the PRC2 complex, respectively, thereby targeting the complex to chromatin and coordinating increased H3K27me3 with decreased H3K4me3.[54] Given their critical roles in cancer progression, ncRNAs are novel new targets for tumor microenvironment intervention.