However, IL-1 receptor 1 knockout (IL-1r1-KO) mice have unaffected blood production and normal stem and progenitor bone marrow (BM) compartments, suggesting that IL-1β-induced myeloid priming of HSC occurs under conditions of injury or infection only and tonic IL-1 signaling has none or small basal hematopoietic effects2,5,6. Here, IL1A is linked to infection.