CD4 and gonadal dysgenesis: Ho et al provided a negative correlation between plasma estradiol levels and CD8+ cells counts, and positive correlation between plasma estradiol levels and CD4+/CD8+ value.[75] More importantly, lower CD4+/CD8+ value and higher CD8+ cells counts were also presented in patients with gonadal dysgenesis or hypothalamic-pituitary failure.[84] These two studies implied that the changes in CD4+/CD8+ value and CD8+ cells counts might be attributed to estrogen deficiency.