EIF2AK3 and malignant colon neoplasm: In HT-29 colon cancer cells, the ERS signaling proteins GRP78, p-PERK/PERK, p-elF2α/elF2α, and CHOP were upregulated and apoptosis was increased after serpentine treatment.[38] Inhibition of cellular autophagy using 3-methyladenine suppresses apoptosis induced by serpentine via the ERS pathway.