MIF and nervous system disorder: Macrophage migration-inhibitory factor (MIF) is an immunomodulatory mediator that is widely expressed in tissues and is associated with the development of neurological diseases.[35] Li et al[36] reported that MIF affected tau hyperphosphorylation in a mouse model by promoting the expression of other inflammatory mediators, including astrocyte activation and subsequent release of soluble cytokines, resulting in nerve cell damage.