We investigated levels of Myb and Elf3 transcripts using two established experimental models known to prematurely trigger labor onset in mice: by E. coli-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment to mimic infection-induced uterine inflammation; and by mifepristone (RU486) treatment (which blocks the progesterone signaling pathway) to cause non-infectious (“sterile”) preterm labor. The gene discussed is ELF3; the disease is infection.