EGFR‐TKIs combined with chemotherapy had the highest risk of hematological toxicities, including anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia (anemia: RR = 4.94, 95% CI: 2.91–8.39, p < 0.001; leukopenia: RR = 6.91, 95% CI: 3.12–15.33, p < 0.001; neutropenia: RR = 10.53, 95% CI: 6.19–17.93, p < 0.001; thrombocytopenia: RR = 28, 95% CI: 5.62–139.46, p < 0.001) (Table 3). This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and anemia (phenotype).