ESM1 could also regulate these molecular signaling pathways in cancer development and progression, such as the AKT/NF-kappaB/Cyclin D1 pathway 20, Wnt/β-catenin pathway 18, DLL4-Notch pathway 21, AKT/eNOS 22 and NFkB/iNOS signaling 22. The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is cancer.